Forensic Science as per the modern ideology draws many areas which help applied Sciences to answer the Questions of Crime. Finger Prints were first advocated by the Sir William Herschel to be used in the identification of Criminals. Herschel also finger printed prisoners upon sentencing to prevent various frauds that were attempted in order to avoid serving a prison sentence. Sir Edward Richard Henry Subsequently achieved improvements in dactyloscopy. The roots of forensic Science can be traced back to ancient civilizations. Roman Orator and Jurist Quintilian used basic forensics to release the innocents in the first century A.D. The word ‘Forensic’ derives from the Latin word ‘Forum’ which was commonly used to Provide Justice in ancient Roman. It is briefly defined as the Process of investigations of criminals through Scientific methods.
Forensic Science developed its relationship with basic research and investigation as an applied science since it uses the fundamental principles to answer the questions in a more practical manner. Fingerprint evidence was first accepted in an Argentine Court in the 1890s and in an English Court in 1902.Many Other Countries soon adopted systems of fingerprint identification as well. Forensic Science is a cluster of almost all faculties of knowledge, it is an essential and efficient enabler in the dispensation of Justice in Criminal, Civil, regulatory and social contexts. Our forefathers in India have extensively Practiced forensic application in variety of forms. In the Present era, Forensic Science is an advanced scientific technique which is used not only in criminal but also in Civil investigations, it is capable of answering significant queries and forms an integral part of Criminal Justic System. Both State and Central Government have developed forensic science laboratories which in turn assist Courts. Police System and Private agents , individuals during investigation or cross examination procedure.
Forensic Science is that Science, which is used in the Court of Law for Proper administration of Justice. Forensic Science is the application of Science in answering the questions that are of legal interest. Forensic Science is the employment of techniques and tools to interpret Crime Scene evidence and use of that information in investigations. The application of Science and technology for the detection and investigation of crime and administration of Justice is known as Forensic Science. Forensic Science is the application of natural sciences to matters of the law. Forensic Science draws upon Physics, Chemistry ,Biology and Other Scientific Principles & Methods. Forensic Science is concerned with the recognition, identification, individualization and evaluation of Physical evidence.
Forensic Scientists present their findings as expert witnesses in the court of law. It is used to resolve legal issues in the scientific world. Few Jurists stated that any discipline ,art, craft, the Profession may be hypothetically invited in the legal arena which will make a broad scheme of forensic Science. Forensic Science comprises a diverse array of disciplines form fingerprint and DNA analysis . Forensic Science remains a powerful force in support of Justice and Public safety. In India, investigation of crime and prosecution of persons having committed the crime are not up to the mark .Thus, for effective investigation Scientific ways of investigation is very necessary. Thus their basic purpose was to extract Confession either by hook or by crook methods. The methods of committing Crimes are getting modernize day by day. Hence, there is dire need for the development of new scientific techniques for investigating officer in order combat the modern day criminals. The area of Criminal activities is increasing day by day at a terrific rate such as financial frauds, Smuggling, Drug trafficking, and fake proposal.
